When it comes to modern construction, safety is just as important as strength and efficiency. One of the most critical safety considerations is fire resistance. Building materials and design strategies must work together to slow down the spread of fire, giving occupants more time to evacuate and first responders the ability to act effectively. Fire-resistant metal decking plays a crucial role in achieving a fire-resistant building design, providing structural support while also serving as an integral component of tested fire-rated assemblies.
Why Fire Resistance Matters in Building Design
Fires can spread quickly through buildings, compromising structural integrity and endangering lives. To mitigate this risk, building codes require that structures meet specific fire-resistance ratings based on occupancy type, building use, and location. These ratings indicate the duration for which a building element, such as a floor or roof, can withstand fire exposure without failing.
Choosing the right materials, like metal decking, helps contractors and engineers meet these requirements while balancing cost, durability, and performance.
How Steel Deck Contributes to Fire Resistance
Steel deck itself is non-combustible, which means it won’t contribute fuel to a fire. But its role goes beyond that. When combined with concrete and fireproofing systems, metal decking forms a tested assembly that can meet fire ratings of one, two, three hours or more, depending on the project’s needs.
Key contributions include:
- Structural Stability: Steel deck provides strong support for concrete slabs, helping floors and roofs remain intact under high heat.
- Compatibility with Fireproofing Materials: Metal decking is designed to work seamlessly with fireproofing sprays, insulating boards, and other protective coatings that increase resistance.
- UL-Certified Assemblies: Most fire-rated metal deck assemblies are tested and listed by Underwriters Laboratories (UL), giving designers confidence that the system meets strict performance standards.
Fire-Resistant Applications of Steel Deck
Metal decking is used in various applications where fire ratings are critical, including:
- High-Rise Buildings: Longer evacuation times demand higher fire ratings. Composite floor deck systems are often used in these settings.
- Parking Structures: Non-combustible decking helps reduce fire hazards from vehicles.
- Hospitals and Schools: Facilities where occupant safety is paramount rely on proven fire-rated assemblies.
- Commercial Roof Systems: Roof deck combined with insulation and fire-rated membranes adds a layer of protection.
Designing with Fire Ratings in Mind
When specifying metal decking for fire-resistant construction, it’s important to select assemblies that have been tested and certified for the required fire rating. This includes considering factors such as deck profile, slab thickness, reinforcement, and any additional fireproofing materials. Partnering with a knowledgeable supplier ensures that you get the right deck type and support in navigating code requirements.
The steel deck is only one component of the fire-rated assembly.
Refer to the UL Fire Resistance Directory (www.UL.com) for the details of each assembly.
CSM Metal Deck: Your Partner in Safe, Durable Construction
Fire-resistant design is about protecting lives and property. Metal decking is a proven solution that supports structural integrity, works seamlessly with fireproofing materials, and helps achieve required fire ratings.
CSM Metal Deck is Approved by UL and Listed in the Fire Resistance Directory. The following decks have been evaluated and approved per UL 263, the Standard for Safety of Fire Tests of Building Construction Materials.
Floor Deck: 1 ½” Composite, 2” Composite, and 3” Composite for use in UL Designs D216, D303, D902 and D923
Roof Deck: 1 ½” B-Deck and 3” N-Deck for use in UL Designs P701 and P902
Disclaimer: CSM is not responsible for the adhesive ability of any Spray Applied Fireproofing (SFRM) to our deck. Treatment or cleaning of the deck surface prior to application may be required.
Want to learn more about fire-rated decking solutions for your next project? Contact CSM Metal Deck today to discuss your needs with our experts.
